ArticleJournal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.]2026
Effects of Polishing, Resin Coating, and Glaze Coating on the Surface Properties of a 3D-Printed Splint Resin.
Article in Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.], 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of different surface finishing protocols and post-curing environments on the surface roughness (Ra) and Vickers hardness (VHN) of a 3-dimensionally (3D)-printed occlusal splint resin. MATERIALS AND
methodsNinety-six disc-shaped specimens (Ø16 × 3 mm) were fabricated from a photopolymerizable splint resin using a stereolithography 3D printer. The specimens were assigned to four surface finishing groups: as-printed (AP), polished (P), resin-coated (RC), and glaze-coated (GC). Each group was further subdivided according to the post-curing environment, air (A) or glycerin (G), resulting in eight experimental groups (n = 12): AP-A, AP-G, P-A, P-G, RC-A, RC-G, GC-A, and GC-G. Post-curing was performed at 60°C for 60 min. For the glycerin subgroups of the coated specimens (RC-G and GC-G), an initial curing period in air was applied before completing the post-curing in glycerin to stabilize the applied coating layer. Ra was measured using a surface profilometer, and VHN was determined using a microhardness tester. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD test (α = 0.05).
resultsSurface finishing significantly affected Ra and VHN (p < 0.001), whereas the post-curing environment had no effect (p > 0.05). AP-A and AP-G specimens showed the highest Ra, while GC-A and GC-G specimens exhibited the highest VHN (p < 0.001).
conclusionsSurface finishing is essential for optimizing surface properties of 3D-printed occlusal splints. Although coating procedures, particularly glaze, were associated with higher surface hardness, polishing yielded smoother surfaces and provided consistent and clinically acceptable properties. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Surface finishing plays an important role in the clinical performance of 3D-printed occlusal splints. Although coating procedures yield high surface hardness, polishing provides smoother, more consistent surfaces, making it a practical and reliable option for routine clinical use.
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