Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42086538›Full record

ArticleLight, science & applications2026

All-in-one optically interactive soft robots with embedded liquid crystal holography.

Zi-Chen Zhang, Yang Wei, Ze-Yu Wang, Ying-Hao Fu, Ren Zheng, Ning Wang, Yu Wang, Ling-Ling Ma, Yan-Qing Lu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Light, science & applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zi-Chen Zhang *National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Yang Wei *National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Ze-Yu Wang *National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Ying-Hao FuNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Ren ZhengNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Ning WangNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Yu WangNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. yuwang87@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-4414
Ling-Ling MaNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. malingling@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-9524
Yan-Qing LuNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. yqlu@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-8557

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) No. 62175102National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) No. 62375119National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) No. T2488302Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation) No. BK20232040Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation) No. BK20243067
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Soft robots capable of self-driven information transmission hold great promise for enabling intelligent interactions that better emulate the behavior of living organisms; however, achieving such systems remains elusive. Here, we present an all-in-one optically interactive soft robot that seamlessly integrates holographic command encoding, encryption, and display with on-demand task execution. By leveraging the unique combination of liquid crystal and silk fibroin, this system achieves a synergistic integration of multi-degree-of-freedom actuation and information multiplexing within an all-soft-matter modular architecture. This "information-machine" coupling paradigm encodes task instructions into encrypted holographic feedback, ensuring the reliable execution of complex operations only upon accurate decoding. As demonstrations, we showcase an intelligent gripper capable of precise object grasping and classification in response to decoded holographic commands, as well as a walking robot that navigates a maze guided by multi-level, decrypted holographic pathways. The proposed strategy establishes a new framework for developing interactive soft robots that closely mimic living organisms by employing light as a central information carrier. Short summary We describe an optically interactive soft robotic system (OISRS) that utilizes LC computational holography for embedded optical command processing and decision-making.

Identifiers

PMID42086538
PMCPMC13144626

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.