ArticleAnimal bioscience2026
Nutritional evaluation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves and their effects on reproductive performance, milk composition, antioxidant status, and gut microbiota in sows.
Article in Animal bioscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTwo experiments were conducted to investigate the digestible energy of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves (ZBL) and effects on sow reproductive performance.
methodsIn Exp 1, 24 sows (parity 3) on d 60 of gestation were used in a 10-dfecal collection study to determine the digestible energy of ZBL. Exp 1 comprised two dietary treatments: a basal diet and a 10% ZBL diet. In Exp 2, 60 sows (parity 3) on d 30 of gestation were used to evaluate reproductive performance and related indices. Exp 2 comprised two dietary treatments: a basal diet (CON group) and a 4% ZBL diet (ZBL group). The lactation period was twenty-eight days. Microbial samples were collected on farrowing day.
resultsThe digestible energy of ZBL was 13.77 MJ/kg. Dietary supplementation with 4% ZBL had no effect on litter size, number of live-born piglets, number of healthy piglets, litter weight at birth, or individual birth weight in sows. Milk fat concentration was higher in the ZBL group than in the CON group (p<0.05). Serum blood urea nitrogen was elevated on lactation day in the ZBL group (p<0.05), and glucose concentration was higher on weaning day in the ZBL group than in the CON group (p<0.05). Total antioxidant capacity increased on lactation day (p<0.05) and weaning day (p<0.05), while malondialdehyde decreased (p<0.05) on lactation day in the ZBL group than in the CON group. At the genus level, 4% ZBL elevated (p<0.05) the relative abundances of Escherichia-Shigella, Cellulosilyticum, norank_f_Erysipelotrichaceae, Fecalibacterium, Adlercreutzia and Akkermansia, and reduced (p<0.05) those of Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_ group, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 and Bacteroides.
conclusionThe digestible energy of ZBL for sows was 13.77 MJ/kg. Dietary supplementation with 4% ZBL partially enhanced antioxidant status and modulated fecal microbiota, but had no effect on the sow reproductive performance.
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