Trial reportPloS one2026
High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) reduces postextubation atelectasis in patients undergoing esophageal cancer surgery: A randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07676760 (The Role of High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Monitoring Postoperative Atelectasis With Lung Ultrasonography After Laparoscopic Surgery), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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The Role of High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Monitoring Postoperative Atelectasis With Lung Ultrasonography After Laparoscopic Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
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5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEsophageal cancer surgery frequently leads to post-extubation atelectasis. The efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) for these patients remains unvalidated.
methodsThis randomized controlled trial enrolled 100 patients after esophageal cancer surgery, allocated to a control group (conventional oxygen therapy at 5 L/min, n = 50) or an HFNC group (heated and humidified oxygen at 40% FiO₂, 37°C, 10 L/min, n = 50). The primary outcome was the lung ultrasound score at pre-extubation (T1), 30 minutes post-intervention (T2), and before PACU discharge (T3). The secondary outcome measures included PaO2/FiO2, hypoxemia, incidence of pulmonary complications within 7 days post-intervention.
resultsThe reduction in lung ultrasound score from T1 to T3 was significantly greater in the HFNC group (mean change: -5.6 points) than in the control group (mean change: -1.4 points), with a between-group difference of -4.2 points (95% CI: -4.7 to -3.7; P < 0.001). At T2 and T3, lung ultrasound score were significantly lower in the HFNC group (T2: 8.7 ± 1.2 vs. 12.7 ± 1.5; T3: 7.6 ± 1.0 vs. 11.7 ± 1.1; both P < 0.001). The HFNC group also had significantly higher PaO₂/FiO₂ ratios at T2 (325 ± 38 vs. 295 ± 35 mmHg) and T3 (340 ± 32 vs. 305 ± 30 mmHg) (both P < 0.001), and a lower incidence of hypoxic events (12.0% vs. 28.0%, P = 0.046) and 7-day postoperative pulmonary complications (10.0% vs. 36.0%, P = 0.002). No significant differences were found in sedation scores or hemodynamic parameters.
conclusionThe utilization of HFNC oxygen therapy in the PACU may provide a safe and effective means of mitigating the severity of atelectasis subsequent to extubation, enhancing oxygenation levels, and decreasing the incidence of early pulmonary complications in patients who have undergone surgical interventions for esophageal cancer.
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