Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42085189›Full record

ArticleSTAR protocols2026

Protocol for natural and biomedical image processing in the hypercomplex domain using the 2D orthogonal planes split.

Nektarios A Valous, Eckhard Hitzer, Dragoş Duşe, Rodrigo Rojas Moraleda, Ferdinand Popp, Meggy Suarez-Carmona, Anna Berthel, Ismini Papageorgiou, Carlo Fremd, Alexander Rölle and 5 more

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Article in STAR protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Nektarios A ValousApplied Tumor Immunity Clinical Cooperation Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Department of Medical Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Center for Quantitative Analysis of Molecular and Cellular Biosystems (Bioquant), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, Heidelberg 69120, Germany. Electronic address: nek.valous@nct-heidelberg.de.
Eckhard HitzerCollege of Liberal Arts, International Christian University, Osawa 3-10-2, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8585, Japan.
Dragoş DuşeDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Synaptiq, Str. Clinicilor 23, Cluj-Napoca 400006, Romania.
Rodrigo Rojas MoraledaApplied Tumor Immunity Clinical Cooperation Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Center for Quantitative Analysis of Molecular and Cellular Biosystems (Bioquant), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
Ferdinand PoppApplied Tumor Immunity Clinical Cooperation Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Division of Applied Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
Meggy Suarez-CarmonaDepartment of Cancer Immunology and Cancer Immunotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Tumor Immunology & Tumor Immunotherapy Group, Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), Obere Zahlbacher Straße 63, Building 911, Mainz 55131, Germany; Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Institute Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rue Meylenmeersch 90, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Medical Immunology (IMI) and Immunobiology Laboratory, ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Rue Adrienne Bolland 10 Bte CP 300, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium.
Anna BerthelDepartment of Cancer Immunology and Cancer Immunotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Tumor Immunology & Tumor Immunotherapy Group, Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), Obere Zahlbacher Straße 63, Building 911, Mainz 55131, Germany.
Ismini PapageorgiouInstitute of Radiology, Südharz Hospital Nordhausen, Dr.-Robert-Koch-Straße 39, 99734 Nordhausen, Germany; Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany.
Carlo FremdMedical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Department of Medical Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Division of Gynecological Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Alexander RölleApplied Tumor Immunity Clinical Cooperation Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Department of Medical Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
Christina C WesthoffInstitute of Pathology, Philipps University of Marburg and University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH (UKGM), Baldingerstrasse, 35033 Marburg, Germany.
Bénédicte LenoirApplied Tumor Immunity Clinical Cooperation Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Systems Immunology and Single-Cell Biology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Niels HalamaDepartment of Cancer Immunology and Cancer Immunotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Tumor Immunology & Tumor Immunotherapy Group, Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), Obere Zahlbacher Straße 63, Building 911, Mainz 55131, Germany; University Center for Tumor Diseases Mainz (UCT Mainz), University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, III. Medical Clinic and Polyclinic, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Inka ZörnigApplied Tumor Immunity Clinical Cooperation Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Department of Medical Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
Dirk JägerApplied Tumor Immunity Clinical Cooperation Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Department of Medical Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Center for Quantitative Analysis of Molecular and Cellular Biosystems (Bioquant), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present a protocol for processing natural and biomedical images in the hypercomplex domain. First, the protocol converts images into quaternion matrices. It then applies the 2D orthogonal planes split to perform re-colorization, de-colorization, contrast enhancement, re-staining, and stain separation. Finally, it uses post-processing operations to generate the output. The resulting output supports qualitative assessment and downstream processing in computer vision and computational pathology pipelines. For details and literature comparisons, please refer to Valous et al.

Indexed as

Diagnostic ImagingImage Processing, Computer-AssistedHumansComputer sciencesHealth SciencesSystems biology

Identifiers

PMID42085189
PMCPMC13157045

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.