Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42084126›Full record

ArticleAIDS (London, England)2026

A novel all-in-one injectable composed of tenofovir alafenamide-dolutegravir-lamivudine exhibits long-acting plasma and cell drug persistence for 8 weeks.

Zachary R Stephen, Simone Perazzolo, Luqi Duan, Masa Eguchi, Baoping Tian, Keegan Klein, Loren Kinman, Rachele Delle Fratte, Kristina M Adams Waldorf, Theresa Barton and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Zachary R StephenDepartment of Pharmaceutics.
Simone PerazzoloDepartment of Pharmaceutics.
Luqi DuanDepartment of Pharmaceutics.
Masa EguchiDepartment of Pharmaceutics.
Baoping TianDepartment of Pharmaceutics.
Keegan KleinDepartment of Pharmaceutics.
Loren KinmanDepartment of Pharmaceutics.
Rachele Delle FratteDepartment of Pharmaceutics.
Kristina M Adams WaldorfDepartment of OBGYN.
Theresa BartonDepartment of Pediatrics.
Ann J MelvinDepartment of Pediatrics.
Rodney J Y HoDepartment of Pharmaceutics.

Funding

Washington National Primate Research CenterP51OD010425 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Mari Ostendorf · 2012 to 2026
$201.8M
Targeted Long-acting Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (TLC-ART)UM1AI120176 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI COLLIER, ANN CORNWALL, HO, RODNEY J.Y. · 2015 to 2019
$15.0M
NextGen Long-acting and targeted combination ART for Children with HIVR33AI149665 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI HO, RODNEY J.Y. · 2022 to 2025
$4.1M
NextGen Long-acting and targeted combination ART for Children with HIVR61AI149665 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI HO, RODNEY J.Y., MELVIN, ANN JORNS · 2020 to 2021
$2.1M
"NextGen Long-acting Platform: Targeted Combination Antiretrovirals"U01AI148055 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI BENDER IGNACIO, RACHEL ANN, HO, RODNEY J.Y. · 2019 to 2022
$1.6M
Molecular Basis of Cytokine-Induced Clearance of HBV DNAF32AI049665 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI ROBEK, MICHAEL D · 2001 to 2003
$118k
NIAID NIH HHS F32 AI049665NIAID NIH HHS R33 AI149665NIAID NIH HHS R61 AI149665NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI148055NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI120176NIH HHS P51 OD010425
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the novel 3-in-one long-acting injectable product composed of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), dolutegravir (D), and lamivudine (L), as a complete TAF-DL product for pediatric HIV treatment.

designTAF-DL sterile injectable product is assembled with three HIV drugs and amphipathic lipids. It is built on the drug-combination-nanoparticle (DcNP) platform via a well defined manufacturing process. Plasma concentrations for all three drugs were determined in 12 juvenile non-human primates (NHP, Macaca nemestrina ) following subcutaneous administration. Safety parameters monitored.

resultsFollowing a single dose of TAF-DL-in-DcNP , all drugs exhibited long-acting cell-and-plasma profiles in juvenile NHP for 8  weeks. Time-to-peak occurred within 24 h for all drugs. Compared to free-soluble counterpart, DcNP formulation enhanced the half-life of TAF, D, and L by 23-fold, 5.8-fold, 8.3-fold, respectively, and area under the curve (AUC) by 41-fold, 18-fold, 3.1-fold. Cell targeting enabled by DcNP is noted as higher intracellular PBMC versus plasma concentration of TAF, tenofovir (T), D, L in NHP dosed with TAF-DL-in-DcNP product. Safety assessment in 12 juvenile NHPs noted no injection-site reactions, or change in weight, complete blood count, and serum chemistries over 8  weeks.

conclusionCurrent 3-HIV oral drugs, TAF-DL is successfully transformed into a novel, single long-acting injectable product that may support once every 2 month dosing. TAF-DL-in-DcNP enhanced HIV host-lymphocyte drug exposure. With less than 24  h to reach Cmax , the all-in-one product may overcome the need for an oral lead-in typically required to initiate LA injectables. TAF-DL-in-DcNP product appears to be safe in juvenile NHPs.

Indexed as

AdenineAnti-HIV AgentsHeterocyclic Compounds, 3-RingLamivudinePlasmaTenofovirAlanineAnimalsDelayed-Action PreparationsDolutegravirDrug CombinationsInjectionsInjections, SubcutaneousNanoparticlesOxazinesPiperazinesAdenineAlanineAnti-HIV AgentsDelayed-Action PreparationsDolutegravirDrug CombinationsHeterocyclic Compounds, 3-RingLamivudineOxazinesPiperazinesPyridonesTenofovirtenofovir alafenamidedolutegravirdrug-combination-nanoparticlesHIVlamivudinelong-actingtenofovir alafenamide

Identifiers

PMID42084126
PMCPMC13584648

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.