ArticleBiology open2026
Live-cell tracking of biliverdin trafficking reveals metabolic exchange between plastids and peroxisomes.
Article in Biology open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Metabolite trafficking between organelles is widespread, yet many trafficking routes remain poorly understood. Biliverdin (BV), a tetrapyrrolic pigment, is involved in redox and light signaling in animal and plant cells. To visualize the inter-organelle trafficking of BV in living cells, we used small ultrared fluorescent protein (smURFP), a BV-induced far-red fluorescent protein typically used for deep-tissue imaging in animals. Upon targeting smURFP to various organelles in plant cells, we detected fluorescence from BV-bound smURFP in plastids and peroxisomes. Enhanced BV biosynthesis in plastids led to greater smURFP fluorescence in peroxisomes and vice versa, indicating bidirectional trafficking of BV between these organelles. We also observed trafficking of BV between the cytosol and both plastids and peroxisomes, suggesting that bidirectional trafficking of BV between plastids and peroxisomes occurs via the cytosol. These findings provide a dynamic model for organelle-level metabolite trafficking.
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