ReviewClinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry2026
Pharmacological Modulation of Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches. A Review.
Review in Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Orthodontic tooth movement is a biologically mediated process involving inflammatory signaling and coordinated bone remodeling in response to mechanical force. Increasing evidence suggests that systemic and locally administered pharmacological agents can modulate this process by influencing cellular and molecular pathways regulating osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis. Objective: To analyze the role of various medications in orthodontic tooth movement by describing their mechanisms of action, clinical implications, and emerging therapeutic applications. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases. Publications in English from January 2010 to October 2025 were screened. Original studies in humans and animal models, in vitro investigations, clinical trials, and relevant systematic reviews addressing drug-related modulation of OTM were included. Non-peer-reviewed publications, incomplete reports, and unrelated studies were excluded. A total of 70 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed through qualitative synthesis. Results: Pharmacological agents were categorized as inhibitors or accelerators of OTM. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), bisphosphonates, corticosteroids, and certain hormonal therapies were consistently associated with reduced osteoclastic activity and slower tooth movement. Conversely, prostaglandins, vitamin D metabolites, thyroid hormones, and selected molecular modulators demonstrated acceleration effects, primarily in preclinical models. Emerging approaches, including selective estrogen receptor modulators, monoclonal antibodies, and localized drug delivery systems, show promising potential; however, most evidence remains experimental and heterogeneous. Conclusion: Pharmacological modulation represents a biologically relevant adjunct to orthodontic biomechanics. Nevertheless, current evidence is predominantly derived from animal and preclinical studies, limiting direct clinical extrapolation. Careful assessment of patients' pharmacological profiles is essential for individualized treatment planning, and further controlled clinical trials are required before routine therapeutic implementation.
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Registered trials
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