Urinary tract infections at an Australian sexual health service: bacterial etiologies, antibiotic susceptibilities, and antimicrobial prescribing patterns.

S E Carter, E L Plummer, L A Vodstrcil, V De Petra, I Abbott, N Sherry, C K Fairley, C S Bradshaw

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

S E CarterSchool of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

E L PlummerSchool of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5710-2671

L A VodstrcilSchool of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

V De PetraMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria.

I AbbottDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Unit, Alfred Hospital and School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

N SherryMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria.

C K FairleySchool of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

C S BradshawSchool of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6643-5678

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections. Management of UTIs often involves empiric antibiotics, which can contribute to antibiotic overuse. We aimed to investigate the causative organisms, prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, and empiric prescribing practices to improve antibiotic use for UTIs. We conducted a retrospective audit of UTIs in premenopausal nonpregnant persons with a vagina aged 18-51 years attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre from 2 January 2018 to 24 January 2023. We calculated the proportion of culture samples with pathogen(s) isolated, and their antimicrobial resistance profiles with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We assessed adherence to first-line Australian Therapeutic guideline recommendations for acute uncomplicated lower UTIs (trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin, and cefalexin) during our study period. We included 1,680 acute UTI episodes (

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriaUrinary Tract InfectionsAdolescentAdultAustraliaDrug Resistance, BacterialEscherichia coliFemaleHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSexual HealthTrimethoprimYoung AdultAnti-Bacterial AgentsTrimethoprimantibiotic resistanceantimicrobial agentsurinary tract infection

Identifiers

PMID42083092

DOI10.1128/spectrum.02674-25

PMCPMC13228059

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.