Observational studyBMC emergency medicine2026
Adherence to infection prevention and control best practices in emergency units at a tertiary care hospital, Riyadh.
Observational study in BMC emergency medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEmergency department presents a distinctive challenge for implementation infection prevention and control (IPC), due to their complex and dynamic environment, diverse patient population, and unknown carrier status. The objective was to assess the compliance with a number of IPC practices among a group of healthcare workers (HCWs) working in the emergency department.
methodsAn observational cross-sectional study was conducted at a large emergency department at a tertiary care hospital between 2018 and 2023. Data were gathered during observation sessions using a standardized IPC observation form. Observers were either experienced IPC professionals or trained medical students.
resultsOut of 123,947 HCW-specific practices observed, 85,542 (69.0%) were compliant and out of 41,650 unit-specific practices observed, 38,355 (92.1%) were compliant. The compliance was highest in the competence of acute respiratory infection procedures (97.3%), followed by isolation precautions (97.0%), housekeeping (96.8%), disposal of sharps (96.8%), waste management (94.5%), donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE, 72.9%), use of PPE (72.3%), hand hygiene (67.2%), patient sitters (64.1%), and disinfection of medical equipment (61.2%). Nurses across all units had much better compliance than other professions. There were > 10% differences in the compliance across the units, with higher compliance in mainly pediatric compared with adult units. The compliance was highest during the COVID-19 pandemic years.
conclusionsThere is considerable variability in implementation of IPC at the emergency department, by practice, profession, unit, and pandemic time. The findings underscore the importance of strategies to improve disinfection of medical equipment, hand hygiene, and adherence of patient sitters.
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