Coping strategies and lived experiences of pregnant women living with HIV in Ghana.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has caused significant health, social, and economic challenges globally. Women are disproportionately affected, comprising more than half of all HIV-positive individuals globally, with sub-Saharan Africa facing an even more pronounced disparity. The study aimed to explore Coping Strategies and Lived Experiences of Pregnant Women Living with HIV in Ghana. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 pregnant women living with HIV for the study. A semi-structured interview schedule was employed to collect data from the participants. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that pregnant women with HIV often experienced shock, fear, and uncertainty following diagnosis. Two main themes emerged: emotional and psychological coping mechanisms and social support systems and networks. Within emotional and psychological coping mechanisms, four subthemes were identified: initial emotional coping, stress management strategies, emotional regulation, and psychological well-being. The study highlighted the various sources of emotional, practical, and psychological support women relied on to navigate the challenges of HIV. Regarding social support systems and networks, four subthemes emerged: family support, friendship networks, support groups, and healthcare providers. Family support was particularly crucial, offering both emotional reassurance and practical assistance. Policy makers should develop and implement policies to reduce stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV, particularly pregnant women, to ensure they receive comprehensive care and support services without fear of judgment or rejection.