Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42082755›Full record

ReviewCommunications engineering2026

Beam manipulation for terahertz communications.

Mingxiang Li, Josep M Jornet, Daniel M Mittleman, Chong Han

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Communications engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mingxiang LiTerahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9862-7845
Josep M JornetDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Daniel M MittlemanSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4277-7419
Chong HanTerahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. chong.han@sjtu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9638-4736

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The terahertz frequency band, ranging from 0.1 to 10 THz, offers extensive spectral resources for next-generation wireless communications systems. To compensate for the limited transmit power of terahertz transceivers and severe propagation losses, high-gain directional transmission is essential, making dynamic beam manipulation a key enabler for practical terahertz communications. The stringent gain requirements further extend the Fresnel region, necessitating efficient beam manipulation across both near-field and far-field conditions. The increasing reliance on beam manipulation reflects a paradigm shift in terahertz communications, where performance scaling is achieved through architecture-level innovation rather than solely through incremental hardware or algorithmic improvements. This article provides a comprehensive overview of terahertz beam manipulation techniques. It begins with an introduction of diffraction theory as the foundational propagation model for beam manipulation. Detailed examples tailored to specific communication scenarios are then presented. Experimental verifications using lenses and metasurfaces are included for three distinct beam manipulation cases. Alternative approaches for achieving beam manipulation, such as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, are briefly discussed.

Identifiers

PMID42082755
PMCPMC13139571

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.