ArticleExperimental brain research2026
Effects of a secondary mental task and additional auditory feedback on body movements and EEG.
Article in Experimental brain research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Alpha-Band EEG Modulation as a Potential Aged-Related Biomarker for Biofeedback-Driven Motor-Cognitive Adaptability.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Previous studies have shown that additional cognitive load from a secondary task can adversely affect movement performance. However, how externally provided auditory pacing influences motor and neural responses under dual-task conditions remains unclear. This study employed a repeated-measures experimental design, studying eighteen young adults (Mean age 23.5 ± 4 years) who underwent three conditions: (1) foot tapping only (single task), (2) foot tapping and a mental task (dual task), and (3) foot tapping, mental task, and auditory pacing biofeedback (dual task + biofeedback). Ankle joint movements using Xsens IMU's (Inertial Motion Units) and brain activities using EEG (electroencephalography) were measured in these three conditions. Results showed that dual tasks significantly reduced (p < 0.01) the range of motion and increased (p < 0.05) the variability of ankle joint range of motion, suggesting a decline in foot tapping performance compared to the single-task condition. The decline was accompanied by significant increases (p < 0.05) in relative high-beta power in EEG, consistent with heightened cognitive-motor demand during dual-tasking. In the dual-task + biofeedback condition, kinematic measures returned to values statistically indistinguishable from the single-task condition and response times in the cognitive task were significantly reduced, without a loss of accuracy. The relative high-beta power was also significantly reduced, compared with the dual-task condition, which may reflect increased entrainment to external cues or a reduction in cognitive load. These results support the role of auditory pacing in facilitating movement performance under dual-tasking conditions, while highlighting the need for future studies to dissociate entrainment effects from changes in cognitive workload.
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