Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42080306›Full record

ArticleJournal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition2026

The rumination severity index: Development and evaluation of a scoring tool for rumination syndrome.

Janice S Khoo, Dennis Yang, Peter L Lu, Guy Brock, Rejuan Haque, Julia Sabella, Neetu Bali Puri, Karla Vaz, Desale Yacob, Carlo Di Lorenzo and 1 more

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Janice S KhooDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Dennis YangDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Peter L LuDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Guy BrockDepartment of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Rejuan HaqueDepartment of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Julia SabellaDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Neetu Bali PuriDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Karla VazDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Desale YacobDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Carlo Di LorenzoDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Ashley M Kroon Van DiestDepartment of Pediatric Psychology and Neuropsychology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2118-7727

Funding

None
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesRumination syndrome (RS) is increasingly recognized in pediatrics; however, no tool exists to measure RS severity in children. Thus, the rumination severity index (RumSI) was developed and validated to measure rumination severity in children.

methodsWe developed a seven-item patient-reported questionnaire, the RumSI, to evaluate RS symptoms and impact on functioning based on clinical experience of pediatric gastroenterologists and psychologists who specialize in caring for children with RS. Patients with RS evaluated at our institution or their parents/caregivers were asked to complete the RumSI and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) as part of clinical care. An overall RumSI score was calculated and analyzed for correlation with PedsQL. Intrarater and test-retest reliability were assessed in a validation cohort.

resultsAmong 105 children with RS, 66 completed RumSI and PedsQL questionnaires (71% female, median age of 15 years, interquartile range 13-17) for a 63% completion rate. RumSI scores ranged from 0 to 26.5 (mean 10.6 ± 7.2) out of a total possible 28, with higher scores indicating worse rumination symptoms. RumSI and PedsQL scores were significantly negatively correlated (r = -0.45, p < 0.001), with every 1-point increase in RumSI score associated with a 1.3-point decrease in PedsQL total score. Test-retest reliability was strong (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.84).

conclusionsThe newly developed RumSI is the first validated tool designed to measure RS severity in children. RumSI scores negatively correlate well with a widely used pediatric quality of life measure and demonstrate strong test-retest reliability, supporting its use in both clinical care and research.

Indexed as

Rumination SyndromeSeverity of Illness IndexAdolescentChildFemaleHumansMaleQuality of LifeReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesSymptom Burdendisorder of gut–brain interactionquality of liferegurgitationsymptom measurement

Identifiers

PMID42080306
PMCPMC13446650

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