Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42079866›Full record

ArticleJAC-antimicrobial resistance2026

Using oral and parenteral formulation of AWaRe antibiotics as a proxy estimate of community and hospital healthcare sector use.

Cherry Lim, Ines Pauwels, Hoa Q Nguyen, Will Cuningham, Mike Thorn, Aislinn Cook, Myo Maung Maung Swe, Ben S Cooper, Benedikt Huttner, Yingfen Hsia and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Cherry LimCentre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ines PauwelsGlobal Health Institute, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0106-2118
Hoa Q NguyenSchool of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Will CuninghamCity St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
Mike ThornCity St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
Aislinn CookCity St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9189-7815
Myo Maung Maung SweCentre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ben S CooperCentre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Benedikt HuttnerDepartment of Antimicrobial Resistance, Health Systems Division, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.
Yingfen HsiaCity St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7955-852X
Catrin E MooreCity St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8639-9846
Erika VliegheGlobal Health Institute, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Koen B PouwelsNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ann VersportenGlobal Health Institute, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3551-6643
Michael SharlandCity St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Benchmarking antibiotic use across different healthcare sectors is crucial to improve use and implement the United Nations General Assembly 70% Access target. Many countries only have available aggregate sales data, which do not have sector-specific usage information. The objective of this study is to estimate the proportion of oral and parenteral antibiotic use across different healthcare sectors. Materials and methods: We used IQVIA MIDAS Results: The ratios of oral-to-parenteral use among hospital healthcare sectors in the Global-PPS data ranged between 0.05 [95% credible interval (CrI): 0.03-0.09] and 1.01 (95%CrI: 0.56-1.80) in the main analysis. We estimated that overall, <7% of national oral antibiotics were used by hospital healthcare sectors, assuming exclusive parenteral use in hospital healthcare settings in the main analysis, and <9% when assuming 90% of parenteral use was hospital healthcare in the sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Our results indicate that where patient-level data are unavailable, alternative sources, such as antibiotic procurement and supply data including routes of administration, can reasonably estimate sector-specific national use.

Identifiers

PMID42079866
PMCPMC13132163

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.