ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
Targeted next-generation sequencing analysis of pathogens and microecology in pediatric lower respiratory tract infections identifies risk factors for severe community-acquired pneumonia.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Traditional diagnostic methods have inherent limitations in the comprehensive assessment of the etiological spectrum and microecological characteristics of pediatric lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), particularly community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Against this backdrop, the present study seeks to delineate the pathogen profile of children with LRTIs via targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS), and further explore the associations between clinical manifestations, upper respiratory microbiome signatures and disease severity in pediatric CAP cases. Methods: A retrospective, single-center study was conducted on 2299 children with suspected lower respiratory tract infections. Throat swab samples from all patients underwent tNGS for pathogen detection. For 1845 CAP patients (293 SCAP, 1552 non-severe CAP [nsCAP]), clinical data and tNGS results were analyzed. Statistical comparisons, correlation analyses, and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with SCAP. Microbial diversity (Shannon/Simpson indices) and relative abundance of detected species were also analyzed. Results: Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the dominant atypical pathogen, with an outbreak peaking in July 2024. Conclusions: During the study period,
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