ArticleResearch square2026
Phenome-wide association study of uterine fibroid subtypes reveals symptoms of fibroid severity and subtype-specific comorbidities.
Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Uterine leiomyomata (or fibroids) are common benign tumors of the uterus. Fibroids are classified into subtypes by location: submucosal, intramural, subserosal. Although the symptomology and comorbidities associated with fibroids have been extensively assessed, there is less knowledge regarding factors associated with fibroid subtypes. We tested the associations between fibroid subtypes and a broad range of clinical diagnoses to characterize their shared and unique comorbidity profiles. Methods: Using billing codes and clinical note text from the Vanderbilt University Medical Center's electronic health record (EHR) system, we identified individuals with three common fibroid subtypes (cases/controls): submucosal (2,445/28,746), intramural (4,877/20,315), subserosal (3,472/24,447). Using multivariate logistic regression, we performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) for each subtype with over 1,800 constructed clinical diagnoses (phecodes) as predictors. Results: We identified 149 significant phecode associations with submucosal fibroids, 218 with intramural fibroids, and 178 with subserosal fibroids. The most significant submucosal fibroid associations were "disorders of menstruation" (odds ratio [OR][95% Confidence Interval] = 5.35[4.79-5.97]) and "iron deficiency anemia secondary to blood loss (chronic)" (OR = 5.20[4.53-5.97]). The most significant association with intramural fibroids was also "disorders of menstruation" (OR = 4.68[4.31-5.08]). The most significant association in the subserosal analysis was with "other benign neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue" (OR = 5.35[4.74-6.04]). We performed sensitivity analyses to narrow down subtype-specific associations. From these, only submucosal fibroids had multiple anemia-, irregular menstruation-, and dysmenorrhea-related phecodes remain significant, and only submucosal and intramural fibroids remained significantly associated with infertility. Conclusions: We identified multiple factors that were more strongly or uniquely associated with having a specific fibroid subtype. We demonstrated a greater severity of fibroid symptoms in individuals with a subtype-level fibroid diagnosis.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.