ArticleResearch square2026
The relationship between duration of access to intravenous oxycodone self-administration, economic demand for oxycodone, and cognition in rats.
Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Updated by
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Rationale: Individuals who use opioids display cognitive deficits. Objectives: Here we used oxycodone intravenous self-administration (IVSA) to test the hypothesis that cognitive deficits would be observed in rats following opioid exposure and would worsen with increased oxycodone-seeking. Methods: Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to self-administer oxycodone or food. Rats either underwent short-access (ShA; 3 hr/day) or long-access (LgA; 6 hr/day) oxycodone IVSA. Control rats underwent 3 hr/day food self-administration. Next, rats underwent economic demand analysis wherein the number of responses required to obtain a reinforcer was increased. After 14 days of abstinence, rats were tested for cue-primed relapse of reinforcer-seeking. Rats then underwent novel object recognition (NOR) testing followed by assessment of cognitive flexibility using the probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) task. Rats were perfused following the last PRL session for assessment of cortical activity via c-fos immunohistochemistry. Results: While LgA rats had greater oxycodone intake, there were no effects of access length on demand elasticity or cued seeking. Modest effects of oxycodone exposure were found on cognition, including increased NOR performance in LgA rats and different PRL strategies. Despite equivalent behavior shown during the final PRL session, ShA rats displayed increased c-fos expression in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Conclusions: While oxycodone self-administration does not overtly impair PRL performance, more activity in the OFC is necessary to maintain the same level of performance. Furthermore, length of daily oxycodone access is not a determinant of economic demand for oxycodone.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.