Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42078228›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Development and Psychometric Properties of PEACE-Q: A Questionnaire on Attitudes Towards Physician-Assisted Dying, Euthanasia, Advance Directives and Care at the End-of-Life.

Vasilios Koulouras, Spiros Georgakis, Elena Dragioti, Foteini Veroniki, Mary Gouva

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Vasilios KoulourasIntensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC.
Spiros GeorgakisFaculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC.
Elena DragiotiResearch Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC.
Foteini VeronikiIntensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC.
Mary GouvaResearch Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Public attitudes toward euthanasia, physician-assisted dying (PAD), advance directives (ADs), and end-of-life (EOL) decision-making in the ICU remain underexplored, while existing tools address these issues fragmentarily. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically evaluate a novel, self-report instrument named Physician-assisted dying, Euthanasia, Advance directives and Care at the End-of-life Questionnaire (PEACE-Q) to cohesively assess relevant public attitudes. PEACE-Q was developed through literature review, expert evaluation and pilot testing, with initial validation conducted in Greece. Psychometric evaluation included exploratory factor analysis, item response theory modeling, internal consistency testing and test-retest reliability. Data were collected from 1,046 adults residing in Greece without additional eligibility criteria. Participation was voluntary, anonymous, and based on informed consent. Analysis yielded three reliable thematic sections on public perspectives: euthanasia/PAD with three subscales, ADs with two subscales, and EOL practices and palliative care with three subscales, all demonstrating excellent internal consistency and moderate intercorrelations. Additionally, the Existential Readiness and Death Acceptance Index (ERDAI) emerged as a composite score with excellent internal consistency (α = .911), reflecting preparedness towards EOL decision-making and death acceptance. PEACE-Q proved valid, reliable and conceptually cohesive for assessing attitudes on euthanasia, PAD, ADs, and EOL practices, applicable both independently per section and comprehensively through the ERDAI, with broad applicability across diverse cultural and legal settings.

Indexed as

advance directivesend-of-life careeuthanasiaicupalliative carephysician-assisted dying

Identifiers

PMID42078228
PMCPMC13134362

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.