Urban building carbon emissions based on BIM-LCA-GIS.

With the continuous advancement of China's urbanization process and building technologies, traditional cast-in-situ construction methods have become increasingly incompatible with the concepts of green and healthy development due to significant energy consumption and carbon emissions generated throughout their entire lifecycle, including material production, construction processes, and related upstream and downstream industrial activities, while the advantages of the prefabricated building model have become increasingly prominent in this context; to address the need for in-depth carbon emission analysis of prefabricated buildings, this paper develops an integrated carbon emission analysis model integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), applies this model to conduct in-depth analysis of carbon emissions at each stage of the prefabricated building's lifecycle to acquire accurate and specific carbon emission data, and adopts three analytical methods, input-output analysis, and ecological footprint analysis-to perform spatial analysis on the collected data, specifically combining BIM models with the LCA framework to quantify and assess the impacts of different building materials and structural components on energy efficiency and the surrounding environment and using the three computational methods for spatial carbon emission analysis; this integrated model effectively achieves accurate quantification and in-depth analysis of carbon emissions at each lifecycle stage of prefabricated buildings, obtaining specific and reliable carbon emission data and clarifying the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of carbon emissions through spatial analysis; the research findings thus provide valuable insights and practical references for future initiatives to promote low carbon and energy efficient building practices and advance the development of low-carbon buildings, while the established integrated analysis model overcomes the limitations of single-method analysis and improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of carbon emission analysis for prefabricated.