Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42077373›Full record

ArticleRegenerative biomaterials2026

A novel integrated

Jianfeng Shi, Wenna Xu, Hongfu Liu, Fengjuan Shan, Rui Wang, Linnan Ke, Qianqian Han, Yong Lu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Regenerative biomaterials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jianfeng ShiInstitute for Medical Devices Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9734-7275
Wenna XuSchool of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
Hongfu LiuShandong Engineering Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
Fengjuan ShanShandong Engineering Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
Rui WangInstitute for Medical Devices Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China.
Linnan KeInstitute for Medical Devices Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China.
Qianqian HanInstitute for Medical Devices Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China.
Yong LuNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Injectable sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) is extensively utilized in aesthetic medicine as a dermal hydrating agent. However, there are few standardized, human-relevant preclinical methods that can reliably evaluate the moisturizing performance of those products. Existing animal and simplified cell-based models show restricted physiological relevance and insufficient sensitivity. To address this gap, we established a depot-mimicking reconstructed human full-thickness skin (RhFS) platform incorporating an inclusion-based intradermal delivery strategy. Instead of conventional mixing, this strategy mimics the clinical 'depot effect' of intradermal injection, allowing for the simultaneous assessment of cellular responses and tissue-level hydration dynamics. It forms a localized NaHA depot within the dermal compartment of RhFS and preserves spatial hydration gradients, which are lost when NaHA is mixed homogenously. The platform integrates physicochemical characterization of polymer-bound water states with cellular and tissue-level functional readouts. By quantifying key biomarkers, including CD44, aquaporin-3 (AQP3) and natural moisturizing factors (NMFs), our results demonstrate that the inclusion-based delivery strategy significantly outperforms conventional mixing approaches in activating epidermal hydration pathways. Crucially, this platform effectively distinguished the moisturizing efficacy of multiple commercial NaHA formulas, thereby revealing a structure-activity relationship between water-binding states and biological outcomes. Overall, this study presents a reproducible, mechanism-informed and human-relevant framework for preclinical performance evaluation of NaHA-based injectable biomaterials and provides a sensitive alternative to conventional animal-based approaches.

Indexed as

AQP3CD44HaCaT cellsinjectable sodium hyaluronatein vitro evaluationmoisturizing performancenatural moisturizing factorsreconstructed human full-thickness skin

Identifiers

PMID42077373
PMCPMC13135361

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.