SynthesisPublic health nutrition2026
The environmental impact of diet in Latin American populations: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Public health nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo examine and synthesise data on the environmental impact of diet in Latin America.
designA systematic review was conducted in April 2024, using Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases, and updated in March 2025. We synthesised the evidence on the most reported environmental impact indicators. Meta-analysis was conducted to derive pooled estimates for individual countries of the mean dietary carbon and water footprints per person/per day; crude and energy-standardised (to 8368 kJ (2000 kcal)) values and stratified by dietary assessment method and sociodemographic variables.
settingLatin America.
participantsLatin American populations.
resultsOf the 2766 studies screened, 31 were included. Data on environmental impact of diet were reported for eight Latin American countries, with most coming from Brazil. Dietary water footprint ranged from 2078 in Chile to 3215 L/person/day/8368 kJ in Brazil. Dietary carbon footprint ranged from 2·1 to 7·3 kgCO
conclusionThe available evidence suggested a wide variation in dietary environmental impact between Latin American countries, but a paucity of studies conducted in countries other than Brazil. Standardised approach to estimate the environmental impact of diet across the region and analytical perspectives in further research would support the development of country-relevant evidence-based public policies for sustainable diets in Latin America.
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