Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42076391›Full record

ArticlePolymers2026

Water Desorption Governs Glass Transition Recovery in Aligner Polymers.

Luka Šimunović, Luka Brenko, Ana Marija Miličević, Tatjana Haramina, Senka Meštrović

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Luka ŠimunovićDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0003-2848-6041
Luka BrenkoDepartment of Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0009-0007-2685-6201
Ana Marija MiličevićDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Tatjana HaraminaDepartment of Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0001-5327-4329
Senka MeštrovićDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0003-3224-3579

Funding

University of Zagreb Polymers for Additive ManufacturingUniversity of Zagreb SFZG-11-2025_ NAT-DM
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The clinical effectiveness of clear orthodontic aligners mainly depends on the thermomechanical stability of the polymers in this challenging hydrothermal environment. In this study, we compare the water-induced viscoelastic changes and glass transition temperature (Tg) stability of four polymers with different microarchitectures. Specifically, we examined directly printed photopolymer networks (Tera Harz TC-85 and LuxCreo 4D Aligner), a monolithic thermoplastic (Duran+), and a multilayer thermoplastic (ClearCorrect). Samples were immersed in physiological saline (0.9 wt.% NaCl) at 37 °C for 7 days, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) was performed in three conditions: dry, after immersion, and after a 2 h desorption step, mimicking a typical clinical 22:2 wear cycle. All polymers showed a decrease in Tg after immersion, with TC-85 exhibiting the greatest reduction relative to the dry baseline. Tg recovery after a 2 h ambient desorption step was incomplete and was significantly associated with the amount of water retained after 2 h drying (expressed as % of initial uptake; R

Indexed as

3D printingdynamic mechanical analysisglass transition temperaturehydroplasticizationmoisture desorptionorthodontic alignersphotopolymers

Identifiers

PMID42076391
PMCPMC13120567

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.