Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42076194›Full record

ArticleMicromachines2026

Design and Performance Study of a Compliant Mechanism Capable of Achieving Dual-Range Constant Force Output.

Chongchong Xu, Zengyun Liu, Yan Liu, Shuaishuai Lu, Zhiming Zhang, Fei Wang, Pengbo Liu, Peng Yan, Yingyue Yin

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Micromachines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Chongchong XuShandong Key Laboratory of CNC Machine Tool Functional Components, School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
Zengyun LiuDepartment of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Heze Vocational College, Heze 274000, China.
Yan LiuDepartment of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shangdong Labor Vocational and Technical College, Jinan 250300, China.
Shuaishuai LuShandong Key Laboratory of CNC Machine Tool Functional Components, School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8942-0807
Zhiming ZhangSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jining University, Qufu 273155, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9762-0315
Fei WangShandong Key Laboratory of CNC Machine Tool Functional Components, School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
Pengbo LiuShandong Key Laboratory of CNC Machine Tool Functional Components, School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2025-5233
Peng YanKey Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
Yingyue YinShandong Key Laboratory of CNC Machine Tool Functional Components, School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2025M771387Key R&D program of Shandong Province, China 2025TSGCCZZB0308Key Research and Development Program of Rizhao 2025ZDYF0105Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2022QE235Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2024QE447Science and Technology Support Plan for Youth Innovation of Colleges and Universities in Shandong Province 2023KJ134Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation ZR2024QE394The Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province grant 2025CXGC011105The Major Innovation Project of Qilu University of Technology 2025ZDZX03University talent research project 2023RCKY123Youth Innovation Technology Support Program of Shandong Provincial Universities 2025KJH126
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A compliant constant-force mechanism (CCFM), known for its frictionless, contact-free operation and inherently constant output, is typically limited to a single force range, restricting its adaptability to multi-task applications. To address this problem, in this study, we propose a dual-stage compliant constant-force mechanism (DSCCFM) that delivers a continuous dual-range constant-force output within a monolithic structure. The design integrates a Z-shaped beam with a bistable beam and a bistable rhombic beam, thereby forming the DSCCFM. By integrating the pseudo-rigid-body model (PRBM) with the chained-beam constraint model (CBCM), a theoretical model of the DSCCFM is established. Using a finite-element response surface model and multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) optimization, the constant-force stroke was improved by approximately 38% over the initial design. The experiments confirm stable outputs of 6.72 N and 21.91 N across the 2-5.8 mm and 11.6-14.8 mm ranges, respectively. The DSCCFM effectively supports multi-stage force execution, cell gripping, and micro/nano-scale manipulation.

Indexed as

bistable beamcompliant constant-force mechanismdual-range constant-force outputZ-shaped beam

Identifiers

PMID42076194
PMCPMC13118453

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.