Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42075962›Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Recent Advancements in Information Ratchet Design.

Sara Incarbone, Luca De Gioia

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sara IncarboneDepartment of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy.
Luca De GioiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy.

Funding

HEAL ITALIA PNRR-M4C2-I1.3 Project PE_00000019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While the broader context of molecular machinery has already been extensively discussed in the scientific literature, there is a lack of dedicated reviews focusing specifically and exclusively on information ratchets. These ratchets deserve a dedicated analysis as they are common in nature and their implementation in artificial systems can lead to new ways of achieving biomimetic processes and endergonic synthesis. This review summarizes recent advancements in the design of synthetic information ratchets, highlighting breakthroughs in the rationalization and optimization of fueling and structural parameters for the sake of efficiency. Novel methods are described for in situ quantification and the translation of molecular motion into macroscopic work. The latest artificial information ratchets are compared to the previous literature and the natural motors that inspired them. The reported findings are meant to show how research on information ratcheting has progressed in the last five years, with various designs paving the way to bio-inspired nanotechnologies and materials.

Indexed as

biomimeticscarbodiimideendergonic synthesisenergy converterenergy dissipationinformation ratchet

Identifiers

PMID42075962
PMCPMC13119182

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.