ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026
A Genetically Truncated RGD-Containing Peptide rLj-RGD4 Exhibits Potent In Vivo Antitumor Activity via Induction of Multi-Pathway Apoptosis and EGFR-Targeted Signaling Suppression.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Although the parental recombinant protein rLj-RGD3 exhibits antitumor activity, it carries immunogenicity risks owing to its large molecular size (13.5 kDa). We generated a genetically truncated mutant, rLj-RGD4 (6.27 kDa, four RGD motifs), which inhibited B16 melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. However, the in vivo efficacy and mechanisms of action remain unclear. Here, B16 xenograft mice were treated with rLj-RGD4 (5, 10, and 20 μg/kg i.p. daily for 14 days). Tumor growth was measured, and histopathology/apoptosis was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Masson's dye, Hoechst, and TUNEL staining. Apoptotic pathways (mitochondrial, death receptor, and MAPK) were analyzed via Western blotting, whereas endocytosis mechanisms were explored using inhibitors (filipin III, NaN
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