Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42075168›Full record

ArticleMicroorganisms2026

3D Expansion-PALM (PhotoActivated Localization Microscopy) Dissects Protein-Protein Interactions Down to the Molecular Scale in Bacteria.

Chiara Caldini, Sara Del Duca, Alberto Vassallo, Giulia Semenzato, Renato Fani, Francesco Saverio Pavone, Lucia Gardini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Chiara CaldiniEuropean Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2536-9894
Sara Del DucaDepartment of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2353-3411
Alberto VassalloDepartment of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3505-1097
Giulia SemenzatoDepartment of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6210-8197
Renato FaniDepartment of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9114-2335
Francesco Saverio PavoneEuropean Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
Lucia GardiniEuropean Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0923-9221

Funding

the European Union's Horizon2020 research and innovation program and CNR-FOE-LENS No. 871124 Laserlab-Europe
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Super-resolution microscopy has transformed biological imaging by enabling nanoscale visualization of cellular structures beyond the diffraction limit. However, its effective application in highly dense molecular environments still poses challenges. This is the case for 3D PhotoActivated Localization Microscopy (PALM) achieved through astigmatism in bacterial cells. The limited volume of a single bacterium highly increases the probability of the intensity profiles emitted by single chromophores to overlap, thus strongly decreasing the number of localizations, leading to dramatic undersampling. Dual-color 3D super-resolution in

Indexed as

dual colorE. coliexpansion microscopyexpansion–PALMmolecular distancesuper-resolution microscopy

Identifiers

PMID42075168
PMCPMC13119062

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.