Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42074514›Full record

ArticleGenes2026

Integrated Multi-Omics and Machine Learning Framework Identifies Diagnostic Signatures and Druggable Targets in Breast Cancer.

Zifu Wang, Jinqi Hou, Yimin Chen, Jundi Li, Sivakumar Vengusamy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zifu WangSchool of Computing, Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID 0009-0007-4166-569X
Jinqi HouDepartment of Biological Sciences, Mellon College of Science, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-0256-4373
Yimin ChenSchool of Computing, Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jundi LiBeijing Institute of Remote Sensing Equipment, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Limited, Beijing 100854, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1938-445X
Sivakumar VengusamySchool of Computing, Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBreast cancer (BC) is one of the most diagnosed malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, thereby posing a substantial threat to women's health worldwide. However, clinically robust diagnostic biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity, as well as well-validated molecular targets for targeted therapy, remain limited.

methodsBC transcriptomic data from seven GEO datasets and the TCGA-BRCA cohort (

resultsThirty core genes were obtained through differential expression, WGCNA, and PPI screening. Integrated ML (127 algorithms) determined the optimal model (AUC = 0.919), and SHAP identified nine feature genes, among which CHEK1 and KIF23 showed preliminary diagnostic potential across four external cohorts (AUC: 0.625-0.938). Functional enrichment indicated that both are enriched in the cell cycle and p53 pathways, closely associated with BRCA1/ATR; immune infiltration revealed significant correlations with macrophages and CD8

conclusionsThe study identified CHEK1 as a key diagnostic gene for BC through 127 ML algorithms and SMR causal inference. By combining AI-assisted virtual screening and molecular docking, computational candidate compounds targeting CHEK1 were prioritized. These findings represent hypothesis-generating in silico predictions and require experimental validation before any therapeutic conclusions can be drawn.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsCheckpoint Kinase 1Machine LearningDrug RepositioningFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGene Regulatory NetworksHumansMicroRNAsMolecular Docking SimulationMultiomicsTranscriptomeBiomarkers, TumorCheckpoint Kinase 1CHEK1 protein, humanMicroRNAsbreast cancerCHEK1drug repurposingmachine learningmulti-omics integration

Identifiers

PMID42074514
PMCPMC13116387

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.