Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42074150›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Exploratory Multi-Level Analysis of the HIF Axis in Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Evaluation of GN44028 as an Experimental HIF Pathway-Modulating Compound.

Piotr M Wierzbicki, Agnieszka Rybarczyk, Mateusz Czajkowski, Jacek Kieżun, Bartłomiej E Kraziński, Anna Olszewska, Marzena Kogut-Wierzbicka, Zuzanna Rudaś, Aleksandra Kierczak, Karol Mitas and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Piotr M WierzbickiDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4310-1616
Agnieszka RybarczykDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.
Mateusz CzajkowskiDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-2017-5417
Jacek KieżunDepartment of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland.
Bartłomiej E KrazińskiDepartment of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-3537-4710
Anna OlszewskaDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.
Marzena Kogut-WierzbickaFaculty of Medicine, Academy of Applied Medical and Sciences, 82-300 Elbląg, Poland.ORCID 0009-0000-8621-5755
Zuzanna RudaśStudent Scientific Circle, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.
Aleksandra KierczakStudent Scientific Circle, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.
Karol MitasStudent Scientific Circle, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0009-0009-0205-4698
Laura WrońskaStudent Scientific Circle, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0009-0001-3044-6244
Michalina GrudzińskaStudent Scientific Circle, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0009-0000-0687-3089
Patrik da Silva VitalMolecular Oncology Research Center, Pio XII Foundation, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14780-360, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-8390-6980
Anna Kotulak-ChrząszczDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland.

Funding

Gdańsk Medical University 71-01422/K16-0007254
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterised by constitutive activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) following VHL loss, which contributes to tumour progression and therapeutic resistance. Given the limitations of VEGFR-targeted therapies, we investigated the biological and potential therapeutic relevance of the HIF axis in ccRCC. Nuclear and cytoplasmic HIF1A and EPAS1/HIF2A expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry in tumours from 40 patients and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and cancer-specific survival. The functional effects of HIF pathway inhibitors (GN44028, KC7F2, and FM19G11) and sunitinib were analysed in VHL-mutant 786-O and VHL-wild-type Caki-1 cell lines using SRB viability assay, cell cycle analysis, wound closure assay, and RT-qPCR of HIF-related genes, with comparison to non-malignant HK-2 cells. TCGA-ccRCC data from advanced-stage patients (III-IV,

Indexed as

Basic Helix-Loop-Helix ProteinsCarcinoma, Renal CellHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha SubunitKidney NeoplasmsAntineoplastic AgentsCell Line, TumorEndothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1FemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMaleMiddle AgedSignal TransductionSunitinibAntineoplastic AgentsBasic Helix-Loop-Helix ProteinsEndothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1HIF1A protein, humanHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha SubunitSunitinibclear-cell renal cell carcinomaEPAS1/HIF2AGN44028HIF1Ahypoxia-inducible factorsimmunohistochemistryTCGAtherapeutic resistance

Identifiers

PMID42074150
PMCPMC13116724

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.