Cold Sintering Technology as a Friendly and Sustainable Way of Producing Ceramic Materials from Recycled Waste.

Gyorgy Thalmaier, Nicoleta Cobîrzan, Traian Florin Marinca, Mircea Nasui

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gyorgy ThalmaierFaculty of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Material Science and Engineering Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 103 Muncii Blv., 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.ORCID 0000-0003-2762-6110

Nicoleta CobîrzanFaculty of Civil Engineering, Buildings and Management Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 15 Constantin Daicoviciu Street, 400020 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Traian Florin MarincaFaculty of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Material Science and Engineering Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 103 Muncii Blv., 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-5531-5451

Mircea NasuiInstitute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies-EUTINN, European University of Technology, European Union, 28 Memorandumului Street, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-4792-2032

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents a new ceramic building material produced by the cold sintering process (CSP), as a greener and cleaner technology compared to conventional ones. The ceramic composites were made from recycled clay bricks (RCBs), a byproduct resulting from construction and demolition and waterglass (WG) as a liquid solvent, pressed at 400 MPa and sintered at a temperature of 150-200 °C. After the samples were produced, their structure and physical and mechanical properties were investigated. The internal morphology of samples shows a homogeneous structure with a low porosity (up to 3%). The compressive strength of ceramic building material produced by the CSP was up to 211 MPa, considerably higher than the reference sample whose value was 45 Mpa. This high strength is due to the internal structure of the ceramic composed of a tough amorphous phase that acts like a binder holding together the powder particles and closing most of the porosity inside the material.

Indexed as

clay brickscold sinteringlow carbonsecondary raw materialswaste

Identifiers

PMID42073679

DOI10.3390/ma19081512

PMCPMC13117123

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.