Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42072598›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2026

An Entropy-Based Framework for Hybrid Coalitions in Game Theory-Part I: Human Arbitration.

Salomé A Sepúlveda-Fontaine, José M Amigó

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Salomé A Sepúlveda-FontaineCentro de Investigación Operativa, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.ORCID 0009-0005-2403-7726
José M AmigóCentro de Investigación Operativa, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1642-1171

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Classical Game Theory underpins much of AI and multi-agent research, but hybrid Human-AI systems require a framework in which execution authority can alternate within a digital environment. We introduce Neo-Game Theory, an extension of Classical Game Theory for hybrid Human-AI coalitions operating under Virtual Nature, the algorithmic analogue of classical (physical) Nature. The framework combines a lexicographic coalition utility with a delegation rule based on the Jensen-Shannon divergence between Human and AI policies. Two thresholds define agreement, contextual, and disagreement regions. In the contextual region, execution follows a scenario-specific rule. Apart from the theory, in this paper we develop the first regime, Human arbitration, in which the AI learns by observation and frequency matching while the Human retains final execution authority. We establish the axiomatic basis of the framework and characterize a frequency-convergence equilibrium, providing the foundation for later extensions and computational validation.

Indexed as

AI agententropygame theoryhybrid agentJensen–Shannon divergence

Identifiers

PMID42072598
PMCPMC13114561

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.