Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42071984›Full record

ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026

Chemical Composition Tables of Locally Available Ruminant Feeds in West Africa: A Systematic Review.

Alassan Seidou Assani, Myriam Koudjoué, Hilaire Sanni Worogo, Mirabelle Jésugnon Houngbedji, Nouroudine Alimi, Loukaiya Zorobouragui, Yaya Idrissou, Ibrahim Alkoiret Traoré

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Alassan Seidou AssaniLaboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Production (LESPA), Faculty of Agronomy (FA), University of Parakou (UP), Parakou P.O. Box 123, Benin.ORCID 0000-0003-4306-2079
Myriam KoudjouéLaboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Production (LESPA), Faculty of Agronomy (FA), University of Parakou (UP), Parakou P.O. Box 123, Benin.
Hilaire Sanni WorogoLaboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Production (LESPA), Faculty of Agronomy (FA), University of Parakou (UP), Parakou P.O. Box 123, Benin.ORCID 0000-0002-0001-9380
Mirabelle Jésugnon HoungbedjiLaboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Production (LESPA), Faculty of Agronomy (FA), University of Parakou (UP), Parakou P.O. Box 123, Benin.
Nouroudine AlimiLaboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Production (LESPA), Faculty of Agronomy (FA), University of Parakou (UP), Parakou P.O. Box 123, Benin.
Loukaiya ZorobouraguiLaboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Production (LESPA), Faculty of Agronomy (FA), University of Parakou (UP), Parakou P.O. Box 123, Benin.
Yaya IdrissouLaboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Production (LESPA), Faculty of Agronomy (FA), University of Parakou (UP), Parakou P.O. Box 123, Benin.ORCID 0000-0002-4404-4676
Ibrahim Alkoiret TraoréLaboratory of Ecology, Health and Animal Production (LESPA), Faculty of Agronomy (FA), University of Parakou (UP), Parakou P.O. Box 123, Benin.

Funding

European Union DCI-PANAF/2020/420-028
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Feed availability and quality remain major constraints to ruminant productivity in West Africa, where livestock systems rely heavily on locally available resources such as natural forages, crop residues and agro-industrial by-products. However, reliable ration formulation requires accurate information on feed chemical composition, while existing data are fragmented and highly variable. This study conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published between 2000 and 2025 to synthesize available data on the chemical composition of ruminant feeds in West Africa. Following PRISMA guidelines, 44 studies reporting quantitative feed composition data were retained. Feed resources were classified into agro-industrial by-products, agricultural by-products and forages, and descriptive statistics were calculated for key nutritional parameters. The results revealed substantial variability in nutrient composition across feed types and even within the same feed resource. Cottonseed cake emerged as a major protein-rich supplement, legume haulms showed higher nutritional value than cereal residues, and several browse species such as Moringa oleifera and Leucaena leucocephala demonstrated high protein potential. These findings highlight that fixed feed composition values are poorly suited to heterogeneous tropical feeding systems. The reference ranges established in this review provide a more reliable basis for feed evaluation and ration formulation and can support the development of locally adapted feeding strategies and decision-support tools for West African livestock systems.

Indexed as

agro-industrial by-productsfeed chemical compositionfeed variabilityruminant nutritionWest Africa

Identifiers

PMID42071984
PMCPMC13113009

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.