Observational studyNeurosurgical review2026
Stand-alone porous titanium cages for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: clinical outcomes in a multicenter experience.
Observational study in Neurosurgical review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion without anchoring: a multicenter comparison of stand-alone porous titanium versus anchored PEEK interbody cages.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPorous titanium cages have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional interbody materials in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), potentially enhancing osteointegration while maintaining mechanical stability. This multicenter study evaluates clinical and radiological outcomes following stand-alone ACDF using 3D-printed porous titanium cages.
methodsThis retrospective observational study included 120 patients (mean age 54.8 years) who underwent stand-alone ACDF across three tertiary spine centers. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Short Form-12 (SF-12). Radiological outcomes at 12 months included fusion, subsidence, migration, and sagittal alignment parameters. Fusion assessment at 12 months was performed using CT or dynamic flexion/extension radiographs.
resultsAt 12 months, interbody fusion was achieved in 106 patients (88.3%; 95% CI: 81.4%-92.9%). NRS scores significantly improved (mean reduction 4.2 points; p < 0.001), while SF-12 showed no significant change. Cage subsidence occurred in 7 patients (5.8%), with no cases of migration. Cervical sagittal alignment parameters remained stable over time, with no significant differences after correction for multiple comparisons. No significant associations were identified between preoperative variables and adverse radiological outcomes.
conclusionsStand-alone ACDF with porous titanium cages is associated with high fusion rates, significant pain reduction, and low complication rates at 1 year. These findings support the use of porous titanium cages as a viable option in non-plating cervical fusion strategies, although further comparative studies are warranted to better define their relative performance. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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