ReviewCurrent microbiology2026
Immunotherapy in Ocular Fungal Infections: Advances and Emerging Strategies.
Review in Current microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
Ocular fungal infections, represent a significant global health burden, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Conventional antifungal therapies often suffer from poor ocular bioavailability, delayed diagnosis, toxicity, and limited efficacy, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Given the critical role of host immunity in determining disease outcomes, immunomodulation has emerged as a promising adjunctive strategy to enhance antifungal defense while mitigating immunopathology. This review highlights the complex interplay between innate and adaptive immune responses in ocular fungal infections and explores emerging immunotherapeutic approaches such as host defense peptides, cytokine therapies (e.g., IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17, IL-33), cellular therapies (e.g., MSCs, CAR-T cells, dendritic cells), and extracellular vesicle-based interventions. Despite existing challenges including the complexity of ocular immunopathology and the logistical hurdles of clinical trials Immunomodulatory therapies have the potential to shift the current treatment paradigm for ocular fungal infections, advancing from traditional pathogen-targeted approaches to more precise, host-directed interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.