ArticleScientific reports2026
Hydrochemical evolution and formation mechanisms of groundwater in the Daihai Lake Basin plain under ongoing ecological water replenishment.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Daihai Lake, a typical closed inland lake in the arid and semi-arid region of Inner Mongolia, has been subject to two consecutive years of ecological water replenishment to mitigate its severe ecological degradation. While the lake water level has risen and wetland ecosystems have been gradually restored, existing studies have predominantly focused on changes in lake water quality, leaving a critical research gap regarding the hydrochemical evolution, formation mechanisms, and drinking water safety risks of groundwater in the plain area of the Daihai Lake Basin under the dynamic conditions of ongoing water replenishment. To fill this gap, this study systematically analyzed the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanisms of groundwater in the study area, and conducted a comprehensive groundwater quality assessment. A suite of representative groundwater samples were collected from the study area after two years of ecological water replenishment, and analyzed using an integrated set of methods including Self-Organizing Map (SOM) clustering, hydrochemical graphical analysis, ion ratio analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, and the Entropy-weighted Water Quality Index (EWQI) method. The results show that: (1) Groundwater is divided into three clusters via SOM, with distinct ion sources from carbonate/silicate weathering and halite dissolution across clusters; some samples have excess SO₄
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