ArticleBMC pediatrics2026
Assessment of parental awareness of diabetic ketoacidosis in children with diabetes: a cross-sectional study at a tertiary referral center in Iran.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and a leading cause of pediatric mortality. Prevention depends on caregivers' ability to recognize early signs and initiate proper sick-day management. However, data on DKA awareness among Iranian parents remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate both subjective self-ratings and objective calculated knowledge regarding DKA among parents of children with T1DM.
methodThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 217 parents at a pediatric diabetes clinic in Shiraz, Iran. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha = 0.8), adapted through forward-backward translation, assessed demographics, disease duration, HbA1c, and DKA knowledge. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Spearman's correlations (r
resultsMost participants were mothers (80.6%), and 38.7% reported DKA as the initial presentation at diagnosis. Subjective knowledge scores (0-10) were 1.86 ± 3.07 for mothers and 0.89 ± 2.16 for fathers (P = 0.06). Mothers demonstrated significantly higher calculated objective awareness than fathers (P = 0.007). Higher objective knowledge significantly correlated with higher education levels (r
conclusionParental DKA knowledge is critically inadequate. As DKA mortality is preventable through early detection, targeted educational interventions and accessible resources are urgently needed to empower parents and improve clinical outcomes for children with T1DM.
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