Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42068422›Full record

ArticleDiscover nano2026

Hydrothermal duck-feather keratin as a reagent-free bioreductant and capping matrix for bioactive silver nanoparticles.

Mustapha Salisu Muhammad, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Mohd Hafiz Puteh, Mustafa Kamal, Abdul Halim Mohd Yusof, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek, Roziana Kamaludin, Yusuf Olabode Raji, Siti Maryam Jasman, Ojo Samuel and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover nano, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Mustapha Salisu MuhammadAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan OthmanAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. hafiz@petroleum.utm.my.
Mohd Hafiz PutehAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Mustafa KamalAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Abdul Halim Mohd YusofFaculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik MalekFaculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Roziana KamaludinAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Yusuf Olabode RajiAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Siti Maryam JasmanAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Ojo SamuelAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
C M LiewAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
A P ParvinAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Nurul HudaAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Tutuk Djoko KusworoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia.

Funding

Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia Fundamental Research Grant Scheme FRGS/1/2023/TK05/UTM/01/2 / R.J130000.7809.5F669
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The sustainable production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from renewable biowaste would reduce environmental burden and expand green nanotechnology applications. This study reports a hydrothermal extraction route that avoids external chemical reductants, thereby enabling duck-feather keratin to function intrinsically as both a reducing and capping agent in the synthesis of stable, bioactive AgNPs. Extraction was verified using the Lowry assay and SDS-PAGE, confirming preservation of protein content needed for metal coordination. One-factor-at-a-time optimization identified pH 11, 70 °C, 30 mL extract per 1 mM Ag⁺ reaction, and a 24 h duration as optimal conditions, producing uniform spherical nanoparticles having an average (11 nm) with excellent dispersion and long-term optical stability. Characterization by UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX confirmed Ag⁺ reduction, keratin capping, and crystalline face-centered cubic Ag formation. TGA-DTA showed improved thermal stability, while BET surface area increased from 1.55 to 6.32 m

Indexed as

Duck feather keratinGreen synthesisHydrothermal extractionSilver nanoparticlesWaste valorization

Identifiers

PMID42068422
PMCPMC13135619

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.