ArticleACS applied materials & interfaces2026
Image-Guided In Vivo Tracking of Splenocyte Dynamics Using Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide-Based Nanoparticles in a Rodent Model.
Article in ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Multimodal optical imaging strategy to evaluate the microscopic biodistribution of SERS gold nanoparticles across histology sections.Biophotonics discovery · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The spleen serves as a critical reservoir of immune cells that play a key role in chronic inflammation and malignancy. While migration of immune cells from the spleen to the tumor immune microenvironment has been described, the dynamics of this process are poorly understood. Tracking the in vivo dynamics could provide valuable insights for understanding tumor immune biology, as well as potentially improving immunotherapy-based treatment regimens. In this study, splenocytes were labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles conjugated with protamine-indocyanine green (SPIOpICG) for noninvasive, biocompatible, and real-time tracking. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed spherical SPIO and SPIOpICG with average sizes of 9.3 ± 3.1 and 12.7 ± 2.7 nm, respectively. SPIO exhibited a hydrodynamic volume of 110.37 ± 10.56 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.356 ± 0.075, whereas SPIOpICG showed a hydrodynamic volume of 1078.48 ± 24.23 nm with a PDI of 0.399 ± 0.540. Ex vivo labeling of splenocytes demonstrated high cell viability (96.2 ± 2.8%) and uptake efficiency (94.3 ± 2.1%) after 24 h, confirming the nanoconjugate biocompatibility. Tumor-bearing Buffalo rat models received intravenous injections of free SPIOpICG or SPIOpICG-splenocytes. MRI performed before and 24 h postinjection revealed a significant reduction in T
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