ArticlePsychology and psychotherapy2026
Perceived barriers and pathways to religious inclusion: UK Muslim clients' perspectives on faith in therapy.
Article in Psychology and psychotherapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study explored how Muslim clients experience the minimisation or exclusion of religion in therapy and identified their recommendations for making therapeutic practice more inclusive of faith.
designA qualitative design using reflexive thematic analysis was employed to examine participants' lived experiences and meaning-making processes.
methodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 Muslim adults in the UK who had received therapy in both NHS and private settings. Data were analysed inductively to capture individual and systemic influences shaping the minimisation or exclusion of religion in therapy.
resultsTwo overarching themes were developed: perceived barriers to discussing religion in therapy reflected therapists' limited confidence and knowledge, secular service frameworks and participants' resulting self-censorship. Recommendations for facilitating religious inclusion captured participants' calls for faith-sensitive competence, proactive engagement with religion in therapy and organisational change to legitimise faith within professional practice.
conclusionsExcluding religion risks marginalising clients' core identities and undermining therapeutic safety and ultimately compromising the effectiveness of treatment. Embedding religious competence within training, supervision and service policy is vital to ensure therapy is culturally responsive, ethically grounded and genuinely inclusive for clients of faith.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.