Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42065815›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026

Bacteriophage-induced outer membrane protein remodelling drives the phenotypic switching and antibiotic re-sensitization in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Yadav Ranu, Srajana Nayak, Pallavi Bhat Ajakkala, Juliet Roshini Mohan Raj, Vijaya Kumar Deekshit, Biswajit Maiti

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Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yadav RanuNitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
Srajana NayakNitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
Pallavi Bhat AjakkalaNitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbial Genomics, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
Juliet Roshini Mohan RajNitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbial Genomics, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
Vijaya Kumar DeekshitNitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Department of Infectious Diseases & Microbial Genomics, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
Biswajit MaitiNitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India. maiti.b@nitte.edu.in.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8231-7030

Funding

NITTE University N/RG/NUFR2/NUCSER/2023/03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimBacteriophages are the most common biological agents that target bacteria, offering a potential alternative to antibiotics for treating multidrug-resistant pathogens, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The onset of bacteriophage resistance remains a significant obstacle. This study highlights the role of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) in the development of bacteriophage resistance in K. pneumoniae.

methodThe study examined the native OMP profiles of isolates that are sensitive and resistant to bacteriophages. K. pneumoniae isolates were treated with bacteriophages, and the survivors were subcultured to generate bacteriophage-tolerant strains. These strains were further characterised phenotypically, and OMP encoding gene expression was studied using quantitative real-time PCR.

resultsOMP encoding genes were significantly upregulated, and OMPs were overexpressed in these tolerant strains. Bacteriophage-tolerant strains exhibited increased resistance to other phages, lower growth rates, enhanced biofilm-forming abilities, and reduced capsule production. The bacteriophage-tolerant strains also showed susceptibility to antibiotics to which the parent strains had earlier displayed resistance, particularly to carbapenems and macrolides.

conclusionUnderstanding the mechanisms of phage emergence can help us prepare for and mitigate the threat of unprecedented phage resistance, which could pose a significant public health risk.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacteriophagesKlebsiella pneumoniaeBiofilmsHumansPhenotypeAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBacteriophageBacteriophage-tolerantKlebsiella pneumoniaeOuter membrane proteinRe-sensitization

Identifiers

PMID42065815

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.