ArticleBJR case reports2026
Ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma metastasizing to the brain with initial presentation as tumor stroke syndrome: a case report.
Article in BJR case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC) with brain metastasis (BM) is exceptionally rare and carries a poor prognosis. We report a case initially presenting with tumor stroke syndrome, manifesting as sudden unconsciousness and unresponsiveness. Emergency intracranial hematoma evacuation was performed, and histopathology confirmed BM of hepatocellular carcinoma. Subsequent PET/CT localized the primary EHCC to the left lung lower lobe. This case underscores the critical role of radiological evaluation (CT/MRI for diagnosis/prognosis; PET/CT for primary lesion identification) in such scenarios. For patients with tumor stroke as the initial symptom, prompt suspicion of hemorrhagic malignant BM is essential, requiring emergent intervention and pathological confirmation. Notably, markedly elevated alpha-fetoprotein combined with extrahepatic FDG-avid masses on PET/CT strongly suggests EHCC.
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