ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Development of a three-dimensional evaluation system for outpatient healthcare quality in stomatological hospitals.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To develop a three-dimensional (structure-process-outcome) evaluation index system for outpatient healthcare quality tailored to the "large outpatient, small inpatient" operational characteristics of stomatological hospitals in China, addressing the current monitoring gap of over-reliance on outcome measures while neglecting structural and process dimensions. Methods: A mixed-methods design was employed. Initial dimensions were established through systematic literature review and focus group discussions ( Results: The final index system comprised 3 first-level indicators, 16 s-level indicators, and 77 third-level indicators. First-level indicator weights were: process quality (0.340) > outcome quality (0.333) > structural quality (0.328), with a consistency ratio CR = 0.041. The highest-weighted third-level indicator was outpatient medical record writing qualification rate (0.044). Expert coordination coefficients improved from 0.209 (first round) to 0.365 (second round) ( Conclusion: By shifting quality control checkpoints forward to the care delivery process (highest weight assigned to process quality), this index system facilitates a paradigm shift from "post-hoc remediation" to "proactive prevention" in quality management. It provides an evidence-based tool for standardized quality evaluation, cross-regional benchmarking, and quality monitoring under DRG/DIP payment reforms in stomatological hospitals, offering significant public health administration value.
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