Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42064832›Full record

ArticleNational science review2026

Human infections with avian influenza A(H5) viruses with potential pandemic risk: 1997-2025.

Wei Wang, Jiabao Xing, Hui Jiang, Fayu Lu, Haoxuan Huang, Yuqian Zhang, Andi Sun, Yi Han, Jian Lu, Benjamin J Cowling and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in National science review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Wei WangSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4056-3732
Jiabao XingSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
Hui JiangBeijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100071, China.
Fayu LuSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
Haoxuan HuangSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
Yuqian ZhangSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
Andi SunSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
Yi HanSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.
Jian LuState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4409-1667
Benjamin J CowlingSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Peter HorbyPandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-1586
Richard J WebbySt Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Timothy M UyekiInfluenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5338-8668
Hongjie YuSchool of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-5648

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) viruses have caused sporadic human infections since 1997, with recent detections in the Americas and Asia. However, the evolutionary dynamics of different HPAI A(H5) viruses at the animal-human interface, along with their associated disease severity, propensity for animal-to-human (zoonotic) spillover, and human-to-human transmission potential, remain unclear. Here, we combine available genetic and epidemiological data with mechanistic models to better understand the global spread of HPAI A(H5) viruses that spilled over to humans in 1997-2025. Analysis of 7445 subsampled hemagglutinin gene sequences revealed frequent regional succession of HPAI A(H5) virus clades that varied by geographic location. The 1104 reported human HPAI A(H5) cases exhibited subtype- and clade-specific heterogeneity in age, gender, and exposure sources (

Indexed as

Avian influenza A(H5) virusesdisease severityepidemiologyphylodynamicstransmission dynamicszoonotic infection

Identifiers

PMID42064832
PMCPMC13127288

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.