ArticleJournal of oral biology and craniofacial research
Poster Guided Reinforcement Learning technique on sugar intake and oral hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among adolescents: A cluster randomized controlled trial.
Article in Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and sugary snacks during adolescence is a major risk factor for dental caries and other non-communicable diseases. Conventional school-based oral health education often improves knowledge but fails to achieve sustained behavioural change. Objective: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a Novel Poster Guided Reinforcement Learning (PGRL) technique with conventional oral health education (OHE) on sugar intake and oral hygiene knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP)among adolescents aged 12-15 years. Methods: A double-blinded, parallel-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted among 400 school children from two private schools in Belagavi, Karnataka. Participants within each school were randomly selected to the intervention group (PGRL; n = 200) or control group (conventional OHE; n = 200) however, randomization was performed at the cluster level. A validated, self-designed questionnaire assessed sugar intake frequency and KAP at baseline and after three months. The PGRL intervention included a colour-coded Sugar Education Board and daily visual reinforcement through diary-based stickers, while the control group received conventional oral health education. Data were analysed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: At three months, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher overall KAP scores compared to the control group (22.55 ± 2.96 vs. 20.96 ± 5.34; Conclusion: The Poster Guided Reinforcement Learning technique was significantly more effective than conventional education in improving sugar-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and reducing sugary food and beverage intake among adolescents.
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