Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42063881›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026

The association between AI dependence, AI literacy, and critical thinking ability among nursing interns: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Wei Cui, Xiaping Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Wei CuiClinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xiaping ZhangClinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aim: To examine the associations between Artificial intelligence (AI) dependence and critical thinking ability among nursing interns and to explore the potential mediating role of AI literacy. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select nursing interns recruited from multiple hospitals in Hunan, China between January and February 2026. A general information questionnaire, AI literacy scale, AI dependence scale, and critical thinking ability scale were used to conduct the online questionnaire survey. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and regression-based mediation analysis (PROCESS Model 4) with 5,000 bootstrap resamples. Results: A total of 517 nursing interns were included in the final analysis. AI dependence was positively associated with AI literacy and critical thinking ability (all Conclusion: AI dependence was positively associated with critical thinking ability among nursing interns, both directly and indirectly through AI literacy. These findings suggest that integrating AI literacy training into nursing education may help optimize the educational benefits of AI.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencecritical thinking abilitymediation analysisnurse educationnursing interns

Identifiers

PMID42063881
PMCPMC13125076

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.