Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42063337›Full record

ArticleRapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM2026

Fast and Sensitive Measurement of Off-Flavors in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems.

Pedro Martínez Noguera, Sylvester Holt, Raju Podduturi, Wender L P Bredie, Jonathan D Beauchamp, Mikael A Petersen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Pedro Martínez NogueraDesign and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8289-907X
Sylvester HoltDesign and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9958-0169
Raju PodduturiDesign and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8395-7016
Wender L P BredieDesign and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-4131
Jonathan D BeauchampDepartment of Sensory Analytics and Technologies, Fraunhofer-Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Freising, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1405-7625
Mikael A PetersenDesign and Consumer Behaviour, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-7696

Funding

European Union's Framework Program for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 956481FOODHAY (Food and Health Open Innovation Laboratory, Danish Roadmap for Research Infrastructure)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleGeosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) are odor-active compounds responsible for earthy off-flavors in fish, creating significant quality concerns in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Their extremely low odor thresholds make rapid and highly sensitive detection essential for maintaining product quality and consumer acceptance in aquaculture production.

methodsA novel analytical method was developed using static headspace sampling combined with proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) for the detection of geosmin and 2-MIB in aquaculture water. Sample preparation was optimized by sodium chloride addition to enhance salting out, incubation at 90 °C, and maximization of headspace injection speed into the PTR-MS system to improve analyte sensitivity.

resultsThe optimized method achieved detection limits of 19 ng·L⁻¹ for geosmin and 4 ng·L⁻¹ for 2-MIB with a total sample screening time of less than 10 minutes. Detection limits were within the same low ng·L⁻¹ range as the odor thresholds of these compounds, enabling quantification at sensorily relevant concentrations associated with off-flavor perception.

conclusionsThis PTR-MS-based approach provides a rapid and sensitive method for objective detection of geosmin and 2-MIB in aquaculture water at concentrations relevant to sensory off-odor impairment. The method shows strong potential for routine monitoring in RAS and may be extended to other volatile compounds and aqueous analytical applications.

Indexed as

CamphanesNaphtholsAquacultureMass SpectrometryOdorantsVolatile Organic Compounds2-methylisoborneolCamphanesgeosminNaphtholsVolatile Organic Compounds2‐methylisoborneoldirect injectiongeosminheadspaceoff‐odorPTR‐MS

Identifiers

PMID42063337
PMCPMC13133655

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.