ArticleAnnals of biomedical engineering2026
Manufacturing 3D aortic root models for in vitro assessment of calcific aortic valve stenosis.
Article in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeCalcific aortic stenosis (AS) is marked by leaflet stiffening and narrowing of the aortic valve (AV) orifice. Severe AS is clinically defined by mean transvalvular pressure drop (ΔP) ≥ 40 mmHg and aortic valve area (AVA) ≤ 1.0 cm
methodsA parametric AR geometry was reconstructed from computed tomography angiography of patients with AV stenosis. Phantoms were fabricated via silicone casting over 3D-printed molds, varying two parameters: calcium phosphate content (50 vs. 100 mg) and AV free-margin incision (50 vs. 100%). Phantoms were tested in a pulsatile mock loop to measure ΔP, regurgitation, and AVA. Unconfined compression tests were performed on cylindrical silicone-calcium specimens.
resultsAll phantoms maintained structural integrity and consistently reproduced moderate-to-severe AS hemodynamic conditions: ΔP ranged between 22 and 49 mmHg, while maximum AVA decreased from 1.14 to 0.49 cm
conclusionThe proposed modeling strategy and AR phantoms reliably replicate calcific AS hemodynamics. With further refinement and validation, this experimental framework could support fair and reproducible hemodynamic comparisons under controlled experimental conditions across the wide spectrum of AS phenotypes.
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