ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2026
Relapse-associated worsening in apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers with relapsing multiple sclerosis.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- APOE ε4 is linked to relapse-associated disability accrual in MS.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn multiple sclerosis (MS), disability accrual can arise from relapse-associated worsening (RAW) and progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA). While genetic variants associated with increased MS severity have been identified, little is known on apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene. This study aims to investigate the impact of the ApoE ε4 allele (ApoE4) on disability accrual in relapsing MS patients.
methodsPatients with relapsing MS, aged
resultsAfter a follow-up of 12.3±6.3 years, a first CDA occurred in 97 patients (60.6%). PIRA accounted for 58 (59.8%) CDA events in the whole sample and for 7 out of 18 (38.9%) CDA events in APOE4 non-carriers (p=0.045). Indeed, RAW was associated with ApoE4 in the whole sample (HR=3.33, 95% CI 1.53 to 7.27, p=0.002) and in patients with relapses during follow-up (HR=3.60, 95% CI 1.62 to 8.02, p=0.002).
interpretationOur study underscores the importance of genetic factors such as ApoE4 in MS pathogenesis. The identification of genetic markers associated with specific patterns of disability accrual could unveil mechanisms of damage accumulation and provide new therapeutic targets.
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