ArticleEnvironmental research2026
Prenatal and early postnatal lead exposure and later adulthood BMI: The Saint Louis baby tooth - Later life health study.
Article in Environmental research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundEarly-life lead (Pb) exposure is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, no prior studies have examined sensitive windows of exposure, sex differences, and whether obesogenic effects persist into later adulthood.
objectiveTo investigate associations between prenatal and early postnatal Pb exposure and body mass index (BMI) at a mean age of 62 years among participants of the Saint Louis Baby Tooth - Later Life Health Study, and to examine differences by sex.
methodsPb exposure was quantified in deciduous teeth across prenatal (approximately 2nd trimester to birth), and early postnatal (birth to ∼6 months) periods using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 704 participants. Associations with later-adulthood BMI were examined using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for covariates.
resultsThe median (IQR: 25th-75th percentile) tooth Pb concentration was 1.34 μg/g (1.02-1.82). Among females, a 1-IQR increase in prenatal and postnatal tooth Pb was associated with 1.46 kg/m
conclusionAccounting for correlated Pb exposure windows, early postnatal, but not prenatal Pb, was associated with higher BMI in later adulthood among females. These findings suggest that Pb exposure after birth may be relevant for long-term weight outcomes.
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