Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42060379›Full record

ArticleActa paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)2026

Venous Response to Tourniquet Pressure in Children: Implications for Peripheral Intravenous Access.

Karl Rönnegård, Staffan Eksborg, Pedram Hosseiniakram, Per-Arne Lönnqvist, Dmitry Grishenkov, Gunilla Lööf

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Article in Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Karl RönnegårdDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5802-825X
Staffan EksborgDepartment of Paediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-9471
Pedram HosseiniakramDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Per-Arne LönnqvistDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Dmitry GrishenkovDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Gunilla LööfDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.

Funding

Stiftelsen SamaritenStiftelsen Solstickan
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo investigate the impact of different tourniquet pressures and application durations on venous diameter and compliance in children, in order to optimise conditions for peripheral intravenous catheter insertion.

methodsThis non-randomised clinical study included 21 healthy children aged 6-10 years. Vein diameter was measured using ultrasound. The force required to fully compress the vein was measured with a pressure-sensing device. Tourniquet pressures of 20-100 mmHg were applied for 60 s, with measurements every 10 s. Data were analyzed using non-parametric methods to assess changes over time and correlations between variables.

resultsVein diameter changed significantly over time at all applied pressures. All tourniquet pressures showed a significant reduction in venous compliance. Substantial interindividual variation was observed in the pressure and timing that yielded optimal changes in vein diameter and compliance. Vein diameters ranged from 1 to 5 mm, with no consistent correlation with age or body weight.

conclusionPaediatric tourniquet application markedly increases venous diameter and reduces venous compliance. The substantial interindividual variation in these responses motivates individualised rather than universal approaches. Future research should aim to develop practical techniques to assess and optimise venous conditions, thereby improving the success rate of paediatric intravenous catheter insertion.

Indexed as

Catheterization, PeripheralTourniquetsVeinsChildFemaleHumansMalePressureUltrasonographychildperipheral catheterizationtourniquetvein diametervenous compliance

Identifiers

PMID42060379
PMCPMC13371847

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